Sustainable Cities A Sustainable City - 760 Words

Sustainable Cities A sustainable city is when harmony is reached between the environment, economy and society. Environmentally, sustainable cities are ecologically friendly by using alternative sources of energy such as solar or wind power. Economically, governments should share a similar decision-making process with institutions and with the public by having a common belief in what should be done by improving sustainability. Sorensen, Marcotullio, and Grant (2004), find that a good decision making process consists of planning and control at the municipal and national political levels which would allow local level functions to become reinforced. Socially, sustainable cities are classless, meaning that there are no social divisions which serve as limits; leading to a more equal society. One of the many ideas would be using mixed housing to remove the class divisions between people. Also, city streets would be walkable, with businesses and services located at close proximity to promote a healthier lifes tyle and serve as an alternative to using cars for transportation. The writers differ in their analysis when examining the approaches to improving sustainability in cities. This section will analyze four important ideas on how cities can become more sustainable. Campbell (1996), argues that it is necessary to focus on three major points, being the environment, economy and society when planning a sustainable city. He constructs a prism which holds each of these features at aShow MoreRelatedSustainable Cities6522 Words   |  27 PagesSustainable Cities – A Focus on Gurgaon By Annet Serena Eric, Jyothish Jacob, Rahul Buddala, Rejith Ravindran, Robin Rajan Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon TABLE OF CONTENTS A BRIEF HISTORY OF GURGAON ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND HVAC WATER – FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSPORT REFERENCES 2 3 12 18 24 27 1 GURGAON – A BRIEF HISTORY The name of this town emerged on the world map in 1972, when world fame Maruti Industry was set up in GurgaonRead MoreEnvisioning a Sustainable City1014 Words   |  4 Pagesto be fixed after every single time it drove. Our life in Ukraine was very sustainable. We rarely used our car, so there was very little carbon emissions. We didn’t have electricity, so we used candles and oil lamps as our light sources. Overall, our lifestyle was very green in Ukraine, until we moved to Sacramento, CA. In Sacramento, we did not have the same interaction with our environment, because we lived in the city. My relatives gave us a car to drive on. And back then, in 2000, the cars wereRead MoreWhat Is A Sustainable City?1005 Words   |  5 PagesCity number two is very environmentally sustainable. It’s power sources are renewable, there are multiple parks, and the water supply is natural. Between the solar panels, Hydroelectric power plant, and multiple windmills this city produces one hundred percent of its own power. Since all the electricity is supplied from inside the city walls power lines and ugly telephone poles are minimized. This also minimizes the amount of recourses needed to make the excess poles and lines. The hydroelectricRead MoreA Brief Note On Sustainable Cities And Communities Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pages Annette Johnson Committee 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities Honduras Position Paper Part 1 History of sustainability within communities Poverty has become one of the main conflicts of creating international sustainability. About 44 million in total of the extremely poor occupy Latin America, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe and Central Asia. In 2012 it was recorded that over 77.8 percent of the impecunious population lived in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, in addition to the 147 millionRead MoreEnvironmentally Sustainable City Of South Australia967 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmentally sustainable city has been Adelaide City Council’s priority vision and by 2012, carbon emissions have reduced by 60%.1 A city that continues to adapt to climate change, utilizes water and energy efficiently, maintains the natural resources wisely and reduces waste is quite a great challenge for local council.2 However, effective strategies do help in achieving their vision. In August 2004, Adelaide City Council and the State Government of South Australia launched a single-stage nationalRead MoreClean Green And Sustainable Values I n The City Of Albany758 Words   |  4 PagesThe City of Albany, is committed to a set of Clean, Green and Sustainable Values. Research conducted by Tourism Western Australia identified natural environment as Albany’s number one attraction. As such, environmental tourism is at the heart of all Amazing Albany marketing activities. The City has internally adopted ‘Clean Green and Sustainable’ as a key theme of its strategic plan. Within this theme, City staff have made a commitment to implementing energy efficiency, water management, sustainableRead MoreThe 2015 Arcadis Sustainable Cities Index Report Ranks Frankfurt1074 Words   |  5 PagesThe 2015 Arcadis Sustainable Cities Index report ranks Frankfurt, Germany the #1 most sustainable city in the world. Published by Amsterdam-based Arcadis Design Consultancy, the report states that its purpose is to explore â€Å"the three demands of People, Planet and Profit to develop an indicative ranking of 50 of the world s leading cities.† It features no fewer than seven European cities in this year’s top ten — Frankfurt, London, Copenhagen, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Berlin, and Madrid. By contrastRead MoreInterpretations Of Sustainable Urban Transport Systems Of Different International Cities2318 Words   |  10 PagesInterpretations o f Sustainable Urban Transport systems of different international cities Introduction Sustainable development is the current holy grail of developers planners across the globe. It is a roadmap to attain sustainability in any resource using activity requiring intra-generational inter-generational reproduction, where reserve use living condition of present future human generation is being met without undermining the integrity, stability beauty of natural biotic systemsRead MoreViability Of Pervious Concrete Pavement As A Sustainable Choice For Low Impact Development On Cities2442 Words   |  10 PagesViability of Pervious Concrete Pavement as a sustainable choice for low impact development on cities University of South Florida Civil Engineering and Environmental Department Submitted by Gomanth Pullagura Marco Aurelio Macedo Paz gomanth@mail.usf.edu macedopaz@mail.usf.edu Term Paper for Green Infrastructure for Sustainable Communities Dr. Daniel H. Yeh Tampa, December 10, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Introduction Background o Pervious Concrete Concepts oRead MoreThe Paris Climate Change And Investment Towards A Low Carbon Economy, Sustainable Cities And Clean Energy784 Words   |  4 PagesAn historic agreement was signed on 12th December 2015 by 195 nations in Paris, France to flight climate change and investment towards a low carbon economy, sustainable cities and clean energy. The Paris climate change agreement in COP 21 for the first time brings 195 countries into a common cause based on their future, current and past responsibilities (Adaptation of the Paris climate agreement; Dec 2015). But still we many questions in our mind, what does it mean to us? What does it mean to Ville

Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder - 856 Words

Moods are feelings we all go through. Many different things can affect our moods. We can be super happy or super down by anything instantly. If we were to accomplish something, get a good grade, or a raise that will instantly change our mood and bring us to a happy state. If we were to fail, lose a job, get a ticket that might make us go into a down or depressive mood. It is very normal for us to have our moods affected by day to day life events. People who experience mood disorders get affected longer and more severe to where it affects their lives so badly they can’t function well. Even if things are going well some people still get depressed, or when something they encounter bothers them. People who experience extreme mood swings suffer drastically with their emotions. Their are two types of mood disorders: bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder is also known to be called manic-depressive disorder. Research shows that bipolar disorder is genetic. B ipolar disorder has two stages that people deal with, the manic stage and depressive stage. These stages can each last from hours, days, to even years. Stress plays a role in these stages. These stages go from an intense happy stage to a deep derisive stage. People suffer with elevated moods and personality change, and this tends to affect their friends and family around them. Medication and psychotherapy both help treat this disorder. In the manic phase people tend to be extremely happy and work andShow MoreRelatedMajor Depressive Disorder And Bipolar Disorder Essay2117 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder are both mental illnesses that are debilitating. Normal functioning becomes increasingly difficult as either disorder takes hold of the mind and impacts every facet of the patient’s life. With an increased risk of suicide, they can even lead to an early death. Studies continue on both genetic and environment influences in mental disorders, but neuroscientific research finds out more with each study about how the brain impacts our mental abilitiesRead MoreSymptoms Of Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder972 Words   |  4 Pages Mr. Z is a 45-year-old male who demonstrates symptoms of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. In the last two years, he was admitted twice to psychiatric hospitals to be treated for depression and suicidal tendencies. In both of these occasions, Mr. Z argued that he did not suffer from a psychiatric illness, but that he was dying due to a strange disease of aging. However, not one of those who seen Mr. Z could diagnose what the disease was. His wife mentioned to mental health professionalsRead MoreAssociations Between Major Depressive Disorder And Bipolar Disorder1894 Words   |  8 PagesAssociations between Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Major Depressive Episodes are prominent in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder which can create difficultly to the differentiation of the both. As found in Forty et.al (2008)’s study, Major Depressive Episodes contributes to the optimum management of the two disorders, which they also suggest that it is of great clinical importance to be able to distinguish between them. (Kennedy, Lam, Parikh, Patten, Ravindran, 2009)Read MoreMajor Depressive Disorder ( Unipolar Depression ) And Bipolar Depression2296 Words   |  10 Pagesthe diagnosis of both Major Depressive Disorder (Unipolar depression) and Bipolar Depression can be made on the basis of characteristics of a Major Depressive Episode (MDE). That is, can an MDE in patients with Major Depressive Disorder be differentiated from a MDE in patients with Bipolar Disorder? Firstly, the extremes in mood, Major Depressive Episode and mania/hypomania will be defined and it will be explained how they contribute to a diag nosis of MDD or Bipolar Disorder based on the diagnosticRead MoreUnderstanding Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder1219 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder The failure to properly recognize patients who experience symptoms that precipitate those of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Although diagnostic errors can be made with caution and conscious awareness, the patient’s condition may worsen over time or possibly lead to a tragic death. The purpose of this analysis is to offer insight into the elements of bipolar disorder and majorRead MorePsychology : Human And Emotional Type Of Disorders1734 Words   |  7 Pagessense the overall topic of abnormal psychology. Abnormal psychology is and can be thought of as like any other psychology in a way but more specifically it is a psychology that deals with the understanding of mental and emotional type of disorders. As a psychology major you get to look at psychology through many forms, this is done with an objective which prepares you so to see which focus you find or can connect to most, most often for personal or l ogical base reasons. A subject or topic that caughtRead MoreBipolar, A State Of Sadness, And Mania1313 Words   |  6 PagesShifts of moods and behaviors are normal but when exceeding the time frame of when those shifts last it can cause a disorder. A disorder known as Bipolar. Bipolar is concluded to be alternating periods of depression and mania. Depression, being, a state of sadness, and mania, a state of high energy in which a person seems capable of taking over the world. These symptoms of bipolar ultimately lead to the question of what causes people to be in depressed or manic. Can a time of mania ultimately causeRead MoreSummary Of The DSM-5877 Words   |  4 Pagesneed for a classification of mental disorders has been clear throughout the history of medicine. The American Psychiatric Association, the DSM was first published in 1984. The DSM-IV symptom criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) are somewhat lengthy, many studies showing that treatment providers have diffi culty recalling all nine symptoms (American Psychological Association, 2010). The symptom inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) have remained essentially unchangedRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1100 Words   |  5 PagesBIPOLAR DISORDER What is bipolar disorder? A disorder with episode of mood swing ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Each episode usually last days to week at a time. Episodes may occur several times a year or throughout the year. Mania symptoms include periods of elevated mood of irritability. When experiencing a manic episode a patient often has high energy levels with reduced need for sleep. Less often, people may experience psychosis. Depression symptoms include feeling sad, low energyRead MoreDepression Is a Common but Serious Illness776 Words   |  4 Pagesactivities of an individual and the people that surround them. Depression can occur in many different ways. Major depressive episode, or major depression, is a period of intense depressed mood. This particular type of depression can occur at any age and have diverse characteristics depending on the circumstance. Individuals may experience a single episode or may have reoccurring episodes. Major depressive can affect a person’s sleep, school, work, and activities that once were enjoyable to them. The symptoms

Resume Free Essays

Developing departmental staff assessments, policy papers, directives, management policies, standards, and procedures involving the NRC protective force programs, protection program planning and Site and Security Plans. Conduct evaluations and inspections to ensure that Department facilities comply with established security standards and to determine the needs for adjustments or upgrades to the level of uniformed protection provided Conduct security inspections and security analyses of facilities involved in special program security test and evaluation programs. Identifies the necessary changes regarding policy, procedures, training and standards from inspections, surveys, and audits of the site. We will write a custom essay sample on Resume or any similar topic only for you Order Now Results: Responsible for the training and instruction with established guidelines, standards in support of the nationally developed training programs regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Serving as one of Facility Security Officers in support of the security education, safeguard and administering self-inspections in support of the NRC Serving as one of the Security Technical Representative on Installation Access Control Systems I ark closely with contractors and other security professionals for security clearance and access within a regulated nuclear facility. Accountable for the continues evaluation of all the protective measures and procedures governed by both the NRC and Industry. I review and evaluate all access control systems and security systems. Work with security senior management, in making recommendations on the modifications and improvements in order to enhance physical security and increase the efficiency with in the nuclear facility. Control multi-disciplinary security training program and provide and train on government and industry standards which includes identifying the need for facility protection along with the development and maintaining the protection. Department of the Army, Fort Believe, Virginia Police Supervisor (Lieutenant) Directory of Emergency Services 1 11201 0 to 04/201 1 Supervised the training, and development of subordinate police officers and other assigned staff. Acts as first responder to all types of emergencies or volatile situations such as terrorist attacks, hostage/barricaded situations, mob threats, vehicle accidents, robberies, hazardous material incidents, and other emergencies. Assisted officers by providing interpretation of departmental policies and procedures. Performed as the leader of the tactical response team and assisted in training newly hired officers. Directed activities of personnel engaged in preparing budget proposals, maintaining police records, and recruiting staff. Results: Took relevant steps to establish new policies and procedures by maintaining and setting new standards. Commended on my abilities to revived proactive measures in ensuring and monitoring the department’s budget and spending habits. Awarded for my abilities to maintain a positive relationship with the community while enforcing the policies, regulations and law. CSS Army – ASPICS-E (U. S. Army Corrections Facility-Europe)/ Anaheim, Germany. Senior Corrections Supervisor, 08/2006 to 07/2010. Managed operations of a 146-bed, medium custody, joint-SE;CE corrections facility. Supervised facilities operations, physical security, safekeeping, custody and control of confined prisoners and staff of 100. Coordinated Security efforts across the organization, including Information Technology, Human Resources, Communications, Legal and Facilities Management. Developed internal management controls to identify resource requirements related to security, forwarded recommendations, corrected problem areas and conducting annual facility reviews. Maintained facility records and prepared daily reports and correspondence. Provide data entry into the security management system. Provided leadership with tracking all projects daily administrative duties. Oversee and provide a continuity of security for agility, personnel, visitor control, document control and equipment for all Special project Security matters. Results: Directed accreditation process with American Correctional Association, receiving overall rating of 98. 9 percent for its operation and physical security of the facility. Earned the USAF-See’s highest rating. Was the first of five facilities in the U. S. Army’s Corrections Command to receive USAF-See’s national and its only CA international accreditation. IIS Army – Co 701 SST Military Police Battalion/ Fort Leonard Wood, MO. Military Police and Corrections Committee Chief/ Instructor/Writer, 08/2001 to 08/2006. Provided administrative, logistical, personnel and training support to staff and students of U. S. Army Military Police School. Maintained use of two buildings, video equipment, communication systems, classrooms, audio-visual equipment and ammunition valued in excess of MM. Prepare correspondence, reports, and documents related to security duties in a articulate, perceptive, and tactful way. How to cite Resume, Papers

music Essay Example For Students

music Essay Today in the television world, sitcoms are totally different from what it used to be, for example back in the day, people would have top rating TV shows, such as the Brady Bunch, I Love Lucy, The Partridge Family, and basically shows that would have morals and lessons to give to the public. Now a days, shows that are most watched would be Sex in the City, The Sopranos, Will Grace, and sitcoms that would have plots about sex, drugs, interracial conflict, and things that wouldnt be appropriate back in the past. In the past, people loved watching TV while eating their dinner. They would have TV dinners and sit on the couch flipping the channels by the remote control. Now Since the popular shows are usually on after dinner, the viewers can just relax, go out to eat, take their time, and enjoy their meals. In the 1960s, nobody really cared for television, mostly because there werent many channels to choose from, but now we have so many options of channels to view, like the comedy channels, cartoon channels, nature channels, news channels, and sports channels. The biggest change in television history is reality shows. There are so many shows to choose from. Every channel one switches to, there are reality sitcoms and games shows to watch. For example, the first reality based TV show, Real World, Survivor, Blind Date, Elimidate, Fear Factor, and the list goes on and on, all are shows that take people form the real world and put them in shows that we all can connect to. I believe producers create d shows like this to have other people humiliate themselves. Shows such as the Real World, has people who act drunk, cheat on their loved ones, have wild sex, fight with one another, and plainly make people laugh at the stupid things they do. Shows like this, I believe give us more entertainment then shows like the Brady Bunch because shows from the past had less entertainment and more moral-thinking stories. The subtleties of materiality coupled with multiple plays of light truly embodythe spirit of Khans philosophy at Exeter Academy. As Stephen Holl conciselyexpresses Architecture is born when actual phenomena and the idea thatdrives it intersectMeanings show through at this intersection of concept andexperience. It is exactly Khans blending of idea and design that makesthis building a model for theoretical execution in design. The following essaywill explore the many architectural implementations of Khans theories frommaterials, to form, to function and to the Silence and Light. This investigationshall probe the ideology in conjunction with its realization to the approach,the circulation, the enclosure and the details. Additionally, the Library atPhillips Exeter Academy shall be analyzed in relationship to his theories oneducation, institutions and learning. As the quote I asked the buildingwhat it wanted to be has been often attributed to Louis Khan, I shall askthe question, What did Khan want the building to be, and how did heapproach this challenge? Institutions and Education Khan believed thatInstitution stems from the inspiration to live. This inspiration remainsmeekly expressed in our institutions today. The three great inspirations are theinspiration to learn, the inspiration to meet, and the inspiration for wellbeing. The architecture of Exeter Library captures the essence of theseinspirations, offering opportunities for all of them to blossom. Khan continuedThey all serve, really, the will to be, to express. This is, you mightsay, the reason for living. It is this inspiration that enlivens thespirits of the students, and motivates them to study and learn. I may suggestthen, that if the purpose of the institution lies within the Silence, then itsphysical materialization becomes the Light. If we assume that the desire to seektruth and universal knowledge is rooted in the Silence, then we may accept theschool building to be the Light, more precisely spent l ight. Khanbelieved that the first schools emerged from the Silence, from the desire tolearn. Schools began with a man under a tree, who did not know he was ateacher, discussing his realization with a few, who did not know they werestudents. The students aspired that their sons also listen to such a man. Spaceswere erected and the first schools began. Since Khan believed the essenceof learning institutions should reflect these origins, he concluded that thebuilding should promote the fundamental inspiration of learning. Khan believedthat students had as much to teach as teachers, that students inspired theteacher by their desire to be. Teaching is an act of singularity tosingularity. It is not talking to a group. They teach you of your ownsingularity, because only a singularity can teach a singularity.Postulating that teaching could only happen when learning was present, Khansought to embrace the singularity for students. Singularity is in themovement from Silence, which is the seat of the immeasurable and the desire tobe, to express, moving towards the means to express, which is material made ofLight. Light comes to you because actually it is not divided; it is simply thatwhich desires to be manifest, coming together with that which has becomemanifest. That movement meets at a point which may be called yoursingularity. In other words, the greatest potential of discovery stemsfrom the meeting of the desire to learn and the desire to teach. Although Khanwas fond of learning, he maintained contempt for the educational system. Hebelieved that the the will to learn, the desire to learn, is one of thegreatest inspirations. I am not that impressed by education. Learning, yes. Education is something, which is always on trial because no system can evercapture the real meaning of learning. Hence, the basic nature of learningis a personal desire to learn not a series of requirements dictated down byschool boards. Khan theorized that for students, forced to memorize of dates,facts and formulas only to be forgotten soon after served no purpose in therealm of true learning. For Khan, teaching is an art form, an acquired talentthat must be able to teach a man to fish, not feed him for a day. The workof students should not be directed to the solution of problems, but rather tosensing the nature of a thing. But you cannot know a nature without getting itout of your guts. You must sense what it is, and then you can look up what otherpeople think it is. What you sense must belong to you, and the words of teachingmust not in any way be in evidence, so completely has it been transformed intothe singularity. Therefore, it is not the responsibility of the teacher toforce students to process data nor to use mnemonics, but to provide the vehicleneeded to access information. Information plays an important role in forming ourunderstanding of reality. However, the complexity of everyday life andsurrounding environments is often unreadable to us unless seen as a combinationof interrelating sub-elements. The situation is paradoxical: we no longerbelieve in mindless subdivisions of reality as a method to understand it, but atthe same time, we do not easily comprehend the globallity of everydayexperience. In the design of the Exeter Library, Khan arranged a series ofsub-elements, his ideas into a rich design thick with meaning and full of light. And only, through an independent study of each of these sub-elements does onehave the opportunity to understand the overall structure. Defining and study ofthat interdependency of objects was the main theme of this investigation. Iconclude then, at Phillips Exeter Academy, Khan began to manifest his beliefsinto design, the Library gave Light to Khans Silence. From the Silence to theLight. After receiving the commission for the Library at Phillips ExeterAcademy, Louis Kahn first asked himself what a library should be. To guide hisdesign process, his first objective was to ascertain the rudimental meaning of alibrary. It is good for the mind to go back to the beginning, because thebeginning of any established activity is its most wonderful moment. Khandid not investigate antecedents, precedents, nor did he survey its potentialusers. Treating this library as if no other had come before it, Khan sought thebasic nature of the institution. Kahns design outline began with thedeclaration, I see a library as a place where the librarian can lay outthe books, open especially to selected pages to seduce the readers. There shouldbe a place with great tables on which the librarian can put the books, and thereaders should be able to take the books and go to the light. This concisestatement summarizes the essential quality of the Library design. Not only doesthis mission statement promote his philosophy toward learning, but it alsodescribes the procession, the circulation, and the management and manipulationof its users. Kahn is stating the idea from which he will grow threedifferent spaces: one where students would come together in the presence ofbooks, another of the books, and a third for reading in the light. Since themovement of the user is of such great importance, that procession through thebuilding shall become the outline for this analysis. Following this path, Ishall proceed to illustrate the Silence behind the Light at the Exeter Library. The Atomic Bomb EssayThe first reading area, the carrels form the perimeter ring at the exteriorwalls of the library. In addition, Khan provided private reading rooms for thefaculty, and an exterior arcade. This meeting place occurs on the roof, in thepresence of the truest forms of light, the sun. Homage to the Light When oneexperiences the Library at Phillips Exeter Academy, he or she cannot help butnotice the constant shifting of Silence and Light. It is almost a dance betweenthe shadow and light, one that effect the spirit and mood of each space and itsuser. The performance of light begins at the base, as the piers create a rhythmof lightness and darkness and travels the height of the facade. From theever-changing color of the brick to the depth of the window openings, lightdances its way across the building enclosure. As the natural light penetratesthe interior, Khan skillfully controls its every movement throughout theinterior spaces. Kahns truly impressive use of light emana tes in its executionto the three functions of the library. As Khan had stated A plan of abuilding shall read like a harmony of spaces in light. Even a space intended tobe dark should have just enough light from some mysterious opening to tell ushow dark it really is. Each space must be defined by its structure and thecharacter of its natural light. In this utilitarian stairwell, the sourceof light emanates from a deflecting path of glass and wall. Understanding theimportance for various sources, type and intensity of light, Khan design thelibrary to take advantage lights many properties. Khan provided three distinctareas of light for the each of his important spaces. The areas for reading inthe Light received natural light that was skillfully designed to enhance withoutinhibiting the ability to read, Glare is bad in the library; wall space isimportant. Little spaces where you can adjourn with a book are tremendouslyimportant, Khan wrote about the Exeter Library. Khan believed thepot ential of learning was just as great from looking out the window as fromreading a book, however he also understood the need to limit the outsidedistractions, both of people and of light. . At the perimeter he allowed thelight to enliven the reading area, yet he controlled the glare at the readingcarrels, through window height and the use of sliding shutters. In areas of moreserious study, he limited the windows to a source of light from a clerestory. Because the rays of direct sunlight are harmful to books, Khan used dimfluorescent lighting in the place of books, offering only enough toallow the user to find a book. This action however, somewhat contradicts hisprevious statements on artificial light Space can never reach its placein architecture without natural light. Artificial light is the light of nightexpressed in positioned chandeliers not to be compared with the unpredictableplay of natural light Khan understood the materials and their reactionstoward the light. At Exeter, the meaning of light is a demonstration ofKahns most profound philosophical beliefs. As a result of ever-changingexternal conditions, the interior space comes alive with a constant flux oflight and shade. The room exists in the realm of shadows, that is, between thesilence of ideas and the light of material reality. Quite possibly one ofKahns most notable innovations in the control of light is found in the ceilingof the great hall. With the light tower o f Yale University Art Gallery, weare familiar with Khans principle of light blades which deflectlight downward and simultaneously perform structural functions.Additionally, the cross shape emphasizes the centrality of the space. As one cansee in the photo to the left, it concisely illustrates all three importantconditions of light; the invitation of books, the place of books, and thereading in the light. Conclusion The Library at Phillips Exeter Academy is theLight, the physical manifestation of Khans theories and writings. This projectis more about the accumulation of experience or intention of idea than just aplace to store and read books. It goes beyond the realm of the known, beyond themortar and bricks. It is the threshold between the Silence and the Light. If ourimpression of a building is defined by our knowledge of space, by what we see ata particular moment or what we just saw a few seconds ago, then it is also whatwe would like to see. However, if we attempt to see a large r world, onethat includes that which is not yet along with that which is, as the creativeartist, scientist, and architect must, then a more powerful discipline isneeded, one used by the poets, which the ancient Chinese Taoist philosopher LaoTzu called the Tao, the existential philosopher Martin Heidegger called Being,and Louis Kahn called Order. In his essay on Architecture, Khan saidYou must follow the laws of nature and use quantities of brick, methods ofconstruction, and engineering. But in the end, when the building becomes part ofliving, it evokes immeasurable qualities, and the spirit of its existence takesover. Thus, space can be seen also as possibility present in ourimagination. The question of physical existence is inappropriate. Moreappropriately, one should ask For what is an architectural concept if not thematerial and spatial expression of spiritual intentions?BibliographyBrownlee, David B. and David G. De Long. Lois IKahn: In the Realm of Architecture. New York, Rizz oli, 1991. Buttiker, Urs. Louis I. Khan: Light and Space, Basel, Birkhuser Verlag, 1994. Holl, Stephen. Phenomena and Idea Date Visited 5/10/99 Jordy, William H. TheSpan of Kahn, Architectural review 155, no. 928. June 1974 Khan, Louis I. Silence and Light: Louis Kahns Words in Between Silence and Light,John Lobell, Boulder, Shambhala Publications, Inc., 1979. Khan, Louis I. Bibliotecas Libraries, New York, Garland, 1988. Lobell, John. Between Silenceand Light, Boulder, Shambhala Publications, Inc., 1979. Ronner, H., Jhaveri, S. Complete Work 1935-74, Basel, Birkhuser Verlag, 2nd Ed., 1987. Wiggens, Glen E.,Louis I Kahn: The Library at Phillips Exeter Academy, New York, Van NostrandReinhold, 1997. Wurman, Richard Saul, Ed. What Will Be Has Always Been: TheWords of Louis I. Khan. New York, Access Press and Rizzoli InternationalPublications, Inc. 1986. Wurman, R.S., What will be has always been. Thewords of Louis I. Kahn. Progressive Architecture 1969, special edition,wanting to be: the Philadelphia School. p.89.Cambridge, MA and London, England,MIT Press, 1973 Wurman, R.S., Feldman, E. The Notebooks and Drawings of Louis I. Khan. Cambridge, MA and London, England, MIT Press, 1973Architecture